REFORMATION AND COUNTER REFORMATION, 1517–1648

The left side of the map shows the Protestant Reformation in 1560; the right side shows the Counter Reformation in 1600. Both sides show predominant Christian faiths (Lutheran, Anglican, Calvinist, Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and general mixtures of Christians) in different regions, the area and major battles of the Thirty Years’ War, and places where Protestants were persecuted. A timeline at the bottom titled "Religious Upheaval" shows significant events of the era.